Turdus cardis, Ternm. PI. Col. ii. p. 518, (1824) ; id. and Schleg. Faun. Jap. Aves. p. 65, pis. xxix, xxx ; David and Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 150 ; (Seebohm), Cat. B. Br. Mus. xxv. p. 261.

Kwro-tsugu, Ko-ke, Japanese.

ad. (Japan). Upper parts, neck and upper breast black ; the wing- coverts, lower back rump and upper tail-coverts washed with slate grey ; under parts white spotted .with black ; under wing-coverts and axillaries dark slate-grey ; bill and legs yellow ; iris dark brown. Culmen 0’8, wing 4*45, tail 3’0, tarsus 1*2 inch. The female is olivaceous brown above, white spotted with dark brown below, the breast and flanks washed with pale orange red ; under wing-coverts and axillaries orange chestnut ; bill brown. The young male resembles the female but has the breast and flanks washed with chestnut red.
Hob. Japan, wintering in southern China.
In habits not differing from its allies, frequenting woods, groves, and gardens. It is greatly esteemed as a cage-bird on account of its rich song. It breeds in Japan in May, June, and July ; its nest being generally placed in the fork of a small tree and is constructed chiefly of moss. The eggs, 4 to 5 in number, resemble small eggs of T. mscivowis and measure about 1-7 by 0-84.